boys dont cry

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There are many issues people are faced with trying to socialized with their culture. From the time we are children we are taught gender roles; to be a certain way, act a certain way and socialize a certain way. Socialization begins the day a child is born, both explicitly and implicitly. If we do not follow these values and norms that society has strapped upon us we are seen as outcasts. Mores are placed upon society, these are limitations and enforced norms that people are expected to follow. We are taught to achieve the highest status possible while following the social framework that has been placed upon us.

The option that I choose for this paper project was film analysis. I watched the movie Boys Don’t Cry. This movie in summary was about a young girl who was having a sexual identity crisis. She was born a female but inside wanted to be a male. She dresses, acted, talked, and changed her name all to appear as a man. This movie was a lot like the movie Ma Vie En Rose we analyzed in class. The basic ideas were the same but the two movies had two very different outcomes. Each movie approached societal views in different ways, one showed the repercussions from a child point and the other from an adult perspective.

When a person in society is “different” people view then as being weird. The apparent repercussions are show on the surface but there are many hidden views that aren’t always seen on the outside. There are responses from the immediate social circle, responses from a larger social context and ones own personal views on the topic. In this case the movie dealt with a young woman having a sexual identity crisis. The young girl named Teena Brandon changed her name to Brandon Teena to socialize herself as a man. She was striving to adopt the male gender role, and genderlect, trying to be accepted as a male in society. Views of her immediate social circle beginning with her family were very mixed. Her brother in the movie did not accept what she was doing but did help her when possible, only until she put herself in a position of immediate harm. He finally kicked her out when realizing she really thought she could pull the male role off this time, after so many other failed attempts. The rest of her family in the movie is unheard of, only being lied about to her new found friends. She begins to move on from her brothers and ends up in a small town north of where she is from. She befriends a group of people who’s social structure is lacking much stability. They take her in with the thinking that she is a he. A friendship develops amongst them, she is now being accepted as Brandon, without anyone really knowing what she is. In this social structure these people do not accept of this behavior, nor would they accept her if they had known of her secret. The group is a bunch of tight-nit, small-town, gay-hating, drunks who have many psychological problems. Their view of being gay is completely socially unacceptable with serious repercussions if known about. The movie continues with a love affair developing between Brandon and one of the misfits in the group. Brandon is brought into the group as a part of there family and the relationship is accepted until an incident occurs between her and her girlfriend. The two become intimate and at one point Brandon’s breasts are partly exposed. Nothing is said, the incident is kept quiet due to the repercussions of the group. The movie continues with Brandon being thrown in jail for past crimes committed. When his girlfriend comes to visit seeing that he is in the female part of the jail she knows, questions a little but doesn’t push the subject, knowing what would happen. When the relationship becomes unaccepted because of lies told, Brandon is placed on the spot to confess. Her friends then think she is a freak, she becomes unaccepted by all accept for the girlfriend. The two men of the circle of friends are pissed. They take out there own aggressions upon Brandon, stating that she was crazy, sick, weird, and a freak for trying to pass herself off as a man to them. Serious repercussions occur. In this immediate social context it is blatantly unaccepted by all.

The larger social context is always one of confusion. Depending on where you are geographically people react differently to different issues. If you are a homosexual in San Francisco, California no one give you a second glance. If you are a cross-dressing individual in a small no-name town in the southern part of Texas it is a totally different story. The reaction of the larger social group is always unknown. In this movie the lifestyle Brandon leads is socially unacceptable in her town as it is in the small town she ends up in. Even after she is brutally raped by the two men the police officer asks her why the hell she’s running around telling everyone she’s a boy. He begins to ask her what she is thinking, and doesn’t she know better. He asks her what is wrong with her, when he is told she is having a sexual identity crisis his reaction is of dismay and disgust. He does not feel sorry for her because of the way she “is”. The movie concludes with a brutal killing of Brandon. The two men that violently raped her ended up killing her. They found out where she was found her and killed her because of the lies she had told. They viewed her as a freak who had polluted there town with her disgusting ways. She is shot gunpoint in the head then her lifeless dead body is then stabbed and shot several more times. At the time of the killing she was hiding out at on of the fellow friends houses, she was also shot and killed for being an accomplice to the freak.






Opinion is usually never placed in assignments, however when asked what my own critical response to this topic I state in in this way; I do not agree upon the ending circumstance of the film however this I feel is very true in real life events. To reiterate on the topic, I don’t agree with homosexuality in any way, but I do feel people have their own right to be any way they want without me judging their lifestyles. I have many gay and lesbian friends who do cross-dress just as Brandon did in this movie. I don’t agree with the lifestyle choice they have made but I don’t judge them for that. The are what they are. I accept them any way no matter what the lifestyle choice. The killing of a person because of the way they practice their sexuality is wrong. These hate crimes are not rare in society either. They do happen more than people know. Majority of these crimes do happen in small towns such as the one in this movie. Growing up I a very small town I can completely understand the mentality of these small town folk. Not saying that their intelligence level is any less than big city people; only stating that when you are in a small town people think, act, believe, and are taught certain ideas that go back to the “old school” days of slavery and deep religious roots. The idea of homosexuality is unheard of and if you are, you are ran out of town and thought to be possessed by the devil. The reactions of the people in this movie do not surprise me. There have been other incidents like this one with a young boy in Montana. Unfortunately both of these stories are true with horrific endings. The way people are socializing is different with every generation. New ideas are being incorporated with new ways of living being accepted more now than ever before. The way people are socializing to their cultures is changing and more not-so unaccepted ideas and practices are becoming more widely accepted.

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Father and Son Relationships

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The relationship between a father and his son is one of the most important things in life. In the novel The Chosen by Chaim Potok, the importance of father-son relationships can be seen through the interaction between Reb Saunders and his son Danny and the interaction between Mr. Malter and his son Reuven. Although Reb Saunders and Mr. Malter have very different types of relationships between their sons, both fathers care for their sons in their own way and try to teach their sons important life skills.

In The Chosen, Mr. Malter shows a great amount of care for his son Reuven in a soft type of loving way. When Reuven was in the hospital, Mr. Malter often would come to visit him to see if he was all right. Also, he was always kind and understanding towards Reuven, even if Reuven did something he didnt approve of. (Potok writes), [Mr. Malter] looked at me and I saw his eyes were suddenly sad. I did not intend to scold you, he said (Potok pg.64).

Danny’s father also uses verbal communication to teach his son a very important life lesson. When Reuven is not sure whether he should become friends with Danny because he is Hasidic, Mr. Malter helps him choose the right path. He says, The Talmud says that a person should do two things for himself. One is to acquire a teacher. Do you remember the other?…You know what a friend is, Reuven? A Greek philosopher said that two people who are true friend are like two bodies with one soul…Reuven, if you can, make Danny Saunders your friend (Potok 74).

Mr. Malter also tells Reuven an important skill to help him in his life with dealing with other people. In one instance he speaks to Reuven and says, What I tried to tell you, Reuven, is that when a person comes to talk to you, you should be patient and listen. Especially if he has hurt you in any way (Potok 64).




Unlike Mr. Malter who shows his to love to his son by being gentile with Reuven, Reb Saunders shows his love to his son Danny by being tough on him. Danny’s father was very strict on making sure his son knew the Talmud inside and out. For example, every Shabbat his father preaches a sermon on the Talmud and purposely makes mistakes in his sermon to quiz his son Danny by asking him to point out what the mistakes are. One time when his son was studying with his friend Reuven, his son didn’t hear any mistakes and his father then turned to his son and said, “…Of course you didn’t hear. How could you hear when you were not listening?” (Potok pg.18).

Where as Mr. Malter uses verbal communication to teach his son, Reb Saunders raises his son Danny in silence except when he is teaching his son the Talmud. He feels that silence teaches Danny more than could be taught by speaking. Even when Reb Saunders and his son Danny go on a trip to Lakewood, they spend an excruciating amount of time together on a bus in complete silence. At one point in the novel, Danny tells his friends Reuven in regard of his father that, He told me once he wishes everyone could talk in silence. (Potok pg.76).

One similarity in the relationship between Mr. Malter and his son Reuven and Reb Saunders and his son Danny is that both fathers look out for their sons. When Reuven came home late one night after being at the Saunders, Mr. Malter was very concerned about him and said, Next time you are out so late you will call, yes? I was ready to telephone Reb Saunders to find out what happened (Potok pg.1).

Reb Saunders also looks out for his son by making sure that all of his son’s friends meet his father’s approval. When Danny told his father about his friendship with Reuven, Reb Saunders tells his son to bring him over for Shabbat. When Reuven asks why does Reb Saunders want to meet with him, Danny says, “…I told him we were friends. He always has to approve of all my friends. Especially if they are outside of the fold.” (Potok pg.115).

The relationships between Reuven’s father Mr. Malter and Danny’s father Reb Saunders is very unique. Each of them has different ways of bringing up their sons and therefore have different relationships with them. Both relationships are similar in that both fathers care for their sons but are different in the way they bring their sons up.

Potok, Chaim. The Chosen. Ballantine Books. New York City, New York. 167.

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Fann Wong

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Fann Wong is the most potential,pretty,elegant,talented and famous artist in Singapore.

Fann Wong recently took a role in Shanghai Knights.She has been praised by Jackie Chan and Owen Wilson.She ll act in the sequel of the movie.Tentatively named Shanghai Down.

Most Singaporeans like Fann Wong.She has official fan club in Singapore.She has many die-hard fans where from local,Malaysia,Taiwan,China and United State.

Fann Wong ponounced as FuN Wong.She born in 171,now is year-old.She became an actress in 15 and act many drama.Besides that,she is a singer.She has been released 4 album.The first album is I live alone,second album is Shopping,third is Missing you and forth is No Problem.Her voice is so nice and sweet.She has recorded song recently.One of the song is the English songAlways on my mind.




Her latest chinese drama is Alaways on my mind and moon fairy and now showing in Singapore.She played a doctor in always on my mind and a fairy in chinese popular story moon fairy.

Fann Wong just attend a Star Award ceremony in Singapore a last few days.She has been nominated as Top Ten artist in Singapore Star Awards and sure will get a prize because of her good acting and her die-hard fans.i can say that almost everyone in Singapore felt proud of her because she has chance involved in Jackie Chan movie and let people around the world know that Singapore has a Star who can gain some market share in Hollywood.

She is also a spokeperson for the health care centre-Bella Skin Care Product.



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An Evaluation of the Tourism Industry in the South West of England and a Segmentation Analysis and Determination of Relevant Target Customer Groups

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Executive Summary

This report details an evaluation of the tourism market place in the South West of England looking at changes in the market and the factors (PESTE Political, Economic, Socio-cultural, Technological and Ecological) affecting the tourism industry.

A segmentation analysis was carried out looking to identify target customer groups for Tintagel Castle, Cornwall.

The principal groups identified were the visiting friends and relatives category and family groups including pre-family, with family and post family.




The buying criteria that the target groups will apply when deciding which attraction to choose to visit were briefly considered.

Table of Contents

Page

1.0 Introduction

.0 Market Place Evaluation

.1 Segmentation 4

. The Segments 5

. Targeting the Segments 7

.4 Buying Criteria of the Segments 8

.0 Conclusions

4.0 References

5.0 Bibliography 10

Appendix 1 - Tourism in the UK

Appendix � PESTE Analysis of the South West Tourism Market

1.0 Introduction

In order to maintain or increase the number of visitors to the castle it is important that we understand and meet the needs of the visitors. As such it is important that we can analyse the market place and identify who are our primary visitors and target our marketing at the groups or “segments” that will maximise our visitor numbers through appropriate channels. To determine market segments and decide which market segments to target it is first necessary to carry out a market place evaluation. Broadly this would encompass political, fiscal, economic, legal, technological and ecological factors that will affect the tourism industry in the UK as a whole and more specifically issues relating to the South West.

• Aims and Objectives

To carry out a market place evaluation of the South West of England region and to conduct a segmentation analysis of the local population. To determine the relevant target customer groups and consider the criteria they will apply to the buying decision.

.0 Market Place Evaluation

Tourism in the UK is not a growing industry for many reasons, see Appendix 1. The South West plays a major part in this industry attracting more visitors than any other UK region (outside of London)1. This means that tourism in the South West is the primary source of employment and prosperity. See Appendix for a full PESTE analysis of the local market place.

.1 Segmentation

Segmentation is the dividing of the market by identifying and profiling distinct groups of potential customers. These groups of potential customers would share similar wants and needs. These groups must be viable and reachable to be used as targets. Broad segmentation groups would include geographic, demographic and physcographic factors. Geographic factors would encompass both overseas visitors and UK holiday makers. Demographic factors which would be relevant would include income, social class, life stage; pre-family, with family, post family. Physcographic factors are also important as people with different lifestyles, personalities, and values will regard the South West in very differing views. By targeting the market segments that present the greatest opportunity and customizing our services and products, and thereby selecting the best distribution and communication channels it should be possible to increase visitor numbers and maximise profits.

To target the segments it would be best to draw up a marketing mix for each segment presenting the best opportunities. Before doing this it is necessary to make sure each segment is viable. That it is measurable; is there enough people in the segment to be sustainable; actionable, can we adapt to suit our offering to this group; and accessibility, can we reach our target market both geographically and through media.

Market Research has showed the following breakdown of visitors’ profiles to attractions in the South West in 001 see Table 1 below.

Type of Visitor %

Local Residents and their visitors holiday 6.1

UK holiday makers .1

Overseas holiday makers 10

Groups 11

Business 0.7

Others .0

. The Segments

• Visiting friends and relatives (VFR)

VFR is a very important category with the South West attracting more VFR trips than other UK regions. Last year 75% of adults in the SW region had visits from friends and relatives1. Tintagel is an ideal destination for this group.

Characteristically this group has and even distribution through the year with a peak at Christmas. They have a higher tendency for younger age groups; this is reflected in the relatively low household income. The majority will travel by car and therefore are very mobile.

Many will be visiting for a christening or wedding or other family occasion but a large number will combine this with a holiday.

• Family Groups

Pre-family holiday breaks

These are characterised by younger age groups, couples and singles either traveling alone or in groups. They have a high disposable income as they do not have so many responsibilities and will tend to head for livelier towns and cities. They look for a wide variety of activities and are quite likely to visit Tintagel, if it is not too far to travel. They would want to be with similar groups of people, so not older people or families. Internet and independent travel will be a strong feature for this group and many may arrive at short notice with little planning.

Family Holiday Breaks

Usually the less affluent in this group make a visit their main holiday but would rather go abroad. The trip to the South West may often be a secondary trip for people within this category who have a little more disposable income. The age group within this group is very wide, many having younger children. This leads to Devon and North Cornwall being very important due to the travel distance and time taken to get there, they will be drawn to the coastal and countryside areas. The wife/mother is the primary decision maker on these days out. This group will be seasonal, only really visiting during school holiday periods. Many families are looking for a ‘break’ from the children as well as looking to spend time participating in activities with them. The beaches in the area are free and therefore a big attraction when the weather is good. Therefore it is necessary to be attractive price wise as a family day out can be expensive. A good idea is to promote the beach near the castle (however access to the beach is difficult). Older children are more likely than young children to appreciate the historical aspect if it is portrayed in the right way.

Post Family Holidays

This is a very large segment for the South West market and the overall age in the UK rising so this segment is becoming larger. The overall age is probably 55+ and they usually would not be looking for activities primarily aimed at younger age groups. Attractions that would appeal are historic buildings, gardens, and leisure walks, all of this available at Tintagel. They primarily want breaks outside of school holidays as they will be avoiding families and children and will be more interested in exploring the countryside, visiting gardens and historic properties. Some of the older members of this segment will have mobility issues which would prohibit them from visiting due to the steep steps up to the castle.

• Activity Based or Special Interest Holidays or Tour Groups

People may be visiting as part of a walking club or historical group or a coach tour. These would normally be organized for the individual. This is not a large group and may encompass older post family groups. Many in this group will be looking for value for money and hoping that by traveling as a group they will be getting discounted entry to attractions but a castle visit is probably high on the agenda for the group.

• Overseas

Of overseas visitors Americans are largest in numbers and are drawn to historical sites but as the dollar has been weaker and due to global terrorism situation many Americans are staying in and holidaying in the US. The UK is an expensive destination for many foreigners to visit but for many the cultural and historical aspects of the UK can overcome the cost. Overseas visitors are likely to spend more than UK holiday makers.

. Targeting the Segments

So having identified the segments it is necessary to identify which segments should be targeted. It is necessary to consider the viability by looking at the attractiveness, profitability and accessibility of these segments.

It can be seen from Table 1, page 4, that the local residents and their visitors combined with the UK holiday makers are by far the largest numbers of visitors to the South West. Overseas visitors are in the minority so due to size and accessibility of this segment it should not really be considered viable. Many people within this group will naturally fall into other segments once they arrive in the South West. Group visitors again are a smaller percentage of the visitors to the region and are not really a viable group for targeting. However many traveling with tour companies may find Tintagel Castle on their tour itinerary as most travel organisers to the South West will be familiar with Tintagel Castle, this also makes targeting this group unattractive.

This leaves the VFR group and the family (pre, post and family) groups. All these groups are viable; they account for sufficient visitor numbers, the castle is able to offer something that suits their needs and wants, it is possible for us to reach and target these groups. The VFR group is perhaps the most viable group due to the ease of access for targeting. Most of the visitors themselves will not be responsible for the decision on where to have the day out but the local host will be. This makes marketing locally very important. When developing the marketing mix for these groups it would be necessary to take into account timing due to the seasonal variation in the visitors with family groups coming during school holidays, post-family groups coming outside of school holidays.

.4 Buying Criteria of the Segments

• Visiting Friends and Relatives (VFR)

The wants and needs of this group are usually (combined with hosts) interesting places to visit or days out. VFR will be looking for an activity that will be sociable and affordable. The hosts need to see the castle as something they can be proud to have locally and many of the hosts will be repeat visitors.

• The Pre-family Group

This group will need to have easy access to information and directions, the internet being an appropriate media, as availability of information will strongly influence their choice of attraction. They will be looking for an interesting and pleasant sightseeing day.

• The Family Group

This group is looking for entertainment for fair or wet weather and to include activities suitable for children. They will be looking for educational, interesting and fun days out. Cost is quite important for families. Families with very young children they will be looking for push-chair access which may be an issue due to the steep steps to the castle.

• The Post Family Group

This group are likely to be looking for such a historical site as a day out. It needs to offer value for money and be a pleasant, enjoyable and relaxing visit.

.0 Conclusions

It has been shown that the overall UK tourism market is not growing but that the South West region has a substantial share of that market. From the segmentation analysis carried out it was determined that the visiting friends and relatives group and the UK family groups were the best groups to target and the criteria that they will apply to the buying decision was discussed

4.0 References

1 LEONARD, G., State of Tourism South West � Intelligence Report [online], South West Tourism, Kingsbury Shaw, August 00 [cited October 7th 00]. Available from http//www.kingsburyshaw.com/tourismreport

KOTLER, P. Marketing Management. 11th ed. USA Prentice Hall, 00. ISBN 0-1-047150.

Promoting British Tourism [online], Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, Norwich. [cited October th 00]. Available from http//www.number-10.gov.uk/output/search.asp

4 Key Facts of Tourism for South West England 00, [online], STAR UK (Statistics on Tourism & Research), Exeter, 00 [cited th October 00. Available from www.staruk.com

5 . Billion pound foot-and-mouth Cost to English Tourism [online], Ananova Ltd., [cited] 7th October 00]. Available from www.ananova.com/news/story/sm_471.html?menu=

6 Germany � Economic Conditions and Prospects [online], UK Industry, Marketing Advice for the UK Tourism Industry, [cited th October 00]. Available from http//www.tourismtrade.org.uk/uktrade//marketintelligence/marketnews/germany.asp?componentid=1086&sourcepageid=1171#pagetop



7 Inbound Tourism � UK � June 001 [online], Leisure Intelligence Travel, Mintel International Group Ltd, [cited th October 00] Available from http//reports.mintel.com

5.0 Bibliography

McDONALD, M. Marketing Plans. 5th ed. Oxford Butterworth-Heinman, 00. ISBN 0 7506 565 5.

JOBBER, D., FAHY, J. Foundations of Marketing. Maidenhead Mc Graw Hill, 00. ISBN 0 07 708668.

Appendix 1

Tourism in the UK

Tourism in the UK is one of the largest industries contributing 74 billion pounds in 001 and employing .1 million people, about 4.5% of the UK economy. It is however not a flourishing industry as the annual bed space occupancy in the UK shows this5.

17 18 1 000 001 00

Bed-space Occupancy % 44 4 4 4 4 44



On a global scale there are a number of reasons for the lack of growth in the industry; including the strength of the pound, making the UK very expensive for many foreign visitors and the Asian economic crisis in 18. In more recent times the foot and mouth disease outbreak in 001 reduced tourist numbers, it was estimated that the tourism industry lost . billion pounds through foot and mouth5. This was followed by the terrorist attack in the US which deterred many people from traveling. 00 showed an improvement but the figures are likely to be down again for 00 owing to the war in Iraq and the outbreak of SARS which will have curtailed tourist activities. Other issues have included the opening of the Channel Tunnel and decreased air fares which have made it easier for people to visit the UK. Conversely it is easier and more affordable for UK residents to go abroad. Studies carried out have shown that the UK tourist is more important to the South West than the overseas visitor. Many people see public transport as being a problem in the UK with some very publicly highlighted train crashes raising safety fears, and service disruptions due to many factors causing reliability fears.

Appendix

PESTE Analysis of the South West Tourism Market

• Political

The UK’s stance on the Iraqi war has not been popular with many countries and the UK may be boycotted by some overseas visitors for example Germans strongly disagreed with the Iraqi policy6 but Germany, after the USA, has the highest number of visitors to the UK (UK Tourism Survey 00)4. . The abolition of ‘duty free’ within Europe may reduce the number of UK tourists traveling abroad. Overall the UK is seen as a relatively stable country, although there are some fears regarding terrorist attacks.

• Economic and Occupational

This is very important with job status and earnings have a large bearing on where and how long people will holiday for, the South West is often seen as a second, shorter holiday with many people, in the position to do so, taking overseas holidays as the main holiday. Many less affluent people will choose to take a UK holiday, those who cannot afford to take a longer break and have less time may not travel all the way into Cornwall but Tintagel is not as far as many other attractions. Transport and travel in the UK is expensive, many people see public transport as prohibitively expensive for families and groups and shows that between 71% and 85% used the car as the main mode of transport for their trip, despite the high fuel prices4.



• Socio-cultural

People are greatly affected by culture, this is the fundamental determinant of a person’s wants and behavioursp18 and will define the social classes.

Peoples decisions regarding vacations will be greatly affected by reference groupsp188 primary reference groups being family and friends which are highly influential on decisions. This is important for the South West as large numbers of tourists fit into the VFR (visiting friends and relatives) group. Market research has shown that within the social groups women usually make or have significant influence on decisions regarding holidaysp188. Other social factors include roles in society, status, clubs and organisations many people perhaps visiting as part of a nature society, rambling club, historical interest group or other organized tour.

On a personal level, age and status in the lifecycle will be important with holidays greatly shaped by families i.e.; singles, young couples, young families, older families and empty nesters (older couples whose children have left home). For example couples with very young children or the elderly or those with limited mobility may not find the castle suitable for access issues. Younger couples may be looking for something more exciting. Therefore these changes in lifestyle are important.

People’s beliefs and attitudes to the SW as a whole and their perception of it is very important. The perception of the South West as a region is crucial to the success of the region. It figures favourably in many reports with people citing good beaches, better weather than other areas of the UK, a wide range of activities, good scenery and countryside, a friendly and relaxed atmosphere. However on the downside other people also perceive the South West as being heavily congested and having bad weather, also the majority of people surveyed would rather go abroad.

• Technological

Changes such as the opening of the channel tunnel have made travel for Europeans easier though this may not be significant for the South West. The increasing use of the Internet has led to a decrease in tour groups8 and an increase in the number of independent travelers.

• Ecological

The weather in the UK is unpredictable and unreliable; this deters many overseas visitors and UK visitors alike. However the South West region is perceived as having some of the best weather in the UK and combined with the long sunny conditions of 00 this may be a plus point for the future.

.

Please note that this sample paper on An Evaluation of the Tourism Industry in the South West of England and a Segmentation Analysis and Determination of Relevant Target Customer Groups is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on An Evaluation of the Tourism Industry in the South West of England and a Segmentation Analysis and Determination of Relevant Target Customer Groups, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on An Evaluation of the Tourism Industry in the South West of England and a Segmentation Analysis and Determination of Relevant Target Customer Groups will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Workplace Violence

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“John! You’re going to be late for work!” his wife berated as he’s running out the door. Normally John doesn’t have a problem getting to work on time. But today is different. Nothing seems to be going right--like last night when he got a turkey sandwich for dinner instead of the steak he wanted. This morning he woke up late and had to rush himself to get ready for work. Events like these don’t set well with John. “Everything will get better when I get to work,” he thinks. John has an interview with the vice president of his company for a promotion this morning. He can hardly contain his feelings of happiness even with his previous misfortunes. Everybody at work has assigned parking spaces, and his space happens to be right in front of the building. As he is pulling up to his parking space, he notices that someone else has parked there. “Damn! Now I have to park in the visitor parking lot,” he hissed. Unfortunately, for John, it’s a long walk from where he parked. Making his way to the office building, he continued thinking, “Everything will get better when I get to work.” As he enters the vice-president’s office, he notices someone else sitting in the chair that he should have been sitting in. “Hello. I’m here for the 800 O’clock appointment,” he says. “Oh-uh, sorry, John, but we just found someone else to fill that position. At that moment every bit of rage that John has been holding back bursts out in a tornado of yelling and verbal slander. Nothing can be done to calm John down. Nobody knows what to do, so they just stand out of the way in fright. Allowing John to continue his fit of rage only makes the situation worse. He then pulls out a knife that he usually uses only for work purposes and turns it into an instrument of death. He runs around the vice-president’s desk, stabs him, and watches him die. Only if someone had done something to prevent him from getting to the point of murder, a life could have been saved. Scenarios just as this one demonstrate that workplace violence is real. Because workplace violence is increasing, employers and employees must find ways to prevent violence in the workplace and learn to deal with economical issues.

Increasing workplace violence has become a major concern for businesses. Throughout the United States workplace violence has caused tremendous amounts of injured or killed workers. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health found that an average of 0 workers are murdered each week. An estimated 1 million cases of nonfatal attacks occur each year (Violence in the Workplace 1). One article notes that “Eight percent of all rapes, 7% percent of all robberies, and 16% of all assaults occur at work” (“Preventing Workplace Violence” 1). “Preventing Workplace Violence”, an article in The Weintraub Newsletter, reports that employees or former employees are responsible for % of workplace assaults (1). This increase in violence can be caused by many different issues. One issue could be related to company change. Preventing Violence in the Workplace explains that when companies “down-size, reorganize, reengineer, and demand more of each employee”, they add higher levels of stress (Mattman ). Edward J. Tully, author of Workplace Violence�How Police Can Help, reveals that people find it difficult adjusting to “rapid changes in our workforce culture” (). Other issues are social problems, substance abuse, illegal drug scams, terminations, and poverty (Mattman ). As our society continues to grow, so will our issues, escalating violence. Obviously, increasing violence in the workforce is a problem that must not be taken for granted.

In order to decrease violence in the workplace, employers and employees must use preventative measures. New hiring procedures can keep potentially dangerous people out of the workforce. Screening procedures like background investigations allow companies’ access to criminal, employment, financial, and military records that could aid them in identifying a violent individual (Mattman 4). In addition to hiring procedures, a violence prevention program is necessary. First, a documenting system for violent incidents must be established. Once the information has been documented, it can be used to develop a necessary prevention program policy (Violence in the Workplace 7). One program issued by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration includes five “key elements”, which are “management commitment and employee involvement, worksite analysis, hazard prevention and control, training and education, and evaluation” (Health Letter on the CDC ). Probably the most ideal way to combat violence is through education. Violence in the Workplace explains that “training should emphasize the appropriate use and maintenance of protective equipment, adherence to administrative controls, and increased knowledge and awareness of the risk of workplace violence” (6). Richard V. Denenberg, author of The Violence-Prone Workplace, suggests that good mediation skills are “valuable” in response to a potential crisis by resolving the matter quickly (18). Stephen Skinner, President of Skinner’s Corner Store, suggests that a “zero-tolerance policy” should be set from day one. According to this policy, violence will result in termination from job (Personal interview). Mark Braverman, author of Preventing Workplace Violence, clearly points out that employees must learn to get more involved with company policies and procedures if violence is to be prevented (17-8). It is important that businesses use preventative measures to reduce the risk of violence, because it can only get worse.

Ultimately, businesses are financially weakened by workplace violence. This is caused by costly litigations and lost productivity. When a lawsuit is filed, responsibility often lies with the company to pay the out of court costs, which add up to a substantial amount. One case involved a postal worker awarded $4.5 million for being shot by a co-worker (Mattman ). “Workplace Violence Can Happen Here,” an article by Susan M. Heathfield, reports that workplace violence costs U.S. businesses “$6 billion per year” (). Lost productivity is caused by the “unavailability of the killed or injured worker, work interruptions caused by police and internal security investigations, damage to the facility, and decreased efficiency and productivity due to post-traumatic stress syndrome” (Mattman ). What is productivity without a solid reputation? Nothing if you ask the average businessman. People don’t want to be associated with an unfriendly environment, according to Stephen Skinner, President of Skinner’s Corner Store (Personal Interview). Having a bad reputation will decrease sales and productivity (Personal interview). Clearly, something must be done to safeguard American businesses from workplace violence. If they are left defenseless, future consequences are certainly at hand.




After reviewing increasing workplace violence, the need for violence prevention, and the economical hardships caused by workplace violence, one can clearly see that if immediate action isn’t taken to decrease violence, the economy of the entire nation will be in jeopardy. Fear should be erased from the workplace. Instead, a feeling of security and accomplishment should take its place.



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Business man

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I am a business man,i have alot of hoes and pimps workin 4 me,thank you.jus because ur float dnt think tht ur higher,

if u aint careful ill burn u like fire,cause

chills cos im like a vampire wen i drain my

victims neck veins while maintainin my full




frame and causin shame ur game,u spit ur lyrics

like u gt no brain.U ddnt even finish skool,wat u get ?

the 5th grade??Now go bak in ur bitin lyrics file

,and cut and paste the rest of the shit u stole from 8 mile

....its ova kia give it up,u aint gt no style jus because ur float dnt think tht ur higher,

if u aint careful ill burn u like fire,cause

chills cos im like a vampire wen i drain my

victimskia wats wrong wif u?wen theres mostars round wat

u guna do,dnt call ghostbusters cos we gt sumthing new

,u soo ugly u turn ppl blue,its like u aint from earth,

sumwhere like mars,from ur looks,u was the 1st alien wif sars

.And now its our task wear tht paper mask cos kias spaceship

ddnt leave n no blast...crater.he mite b from a from a place long ago,

very far away,bt hes gt awhile go if he wants b darth vader,

hes more like an ewok playin wif his cock,y shuld i even gt started,

u aint worth the mock.now if u aint gt nuthin thts worth a diss,

thn keep it shut b4 i show u my fist,ull b in bliss if u gt a kiss

or gt b nething like the ¤P�rfê�tïõníst¤ur guna end up,cleaner at the wanaga bro i

mite hav a mud car bt u no walkin dnt gt u far,

by the way ur goin,tanias kid will b callin u dada.

now uve gt fuked up so badly,ur ears will hav scars.

Man ur jus like a fish,u act all big bt u gt no guts

if u cnt make the cut thn jus give it up,u mite nt b dead,

bt im guna nail ur coffin shut.y u callin me girl names?bro,r u gay?

theres no way,tht nething u say culd affect me,scared?y ddnt u stay??

is it jus tht ur ashamed of ur own birthday?hu u guna b in

charge of wen ur older?the wanaga cleanin squad and the

toilet paper holders?ur nights will b colder thn a guy

hu makes folders.And me?yeh ill either make my own beats,

or be in charge of an entire navy fleet,

im guna b ur own personal nightmare on elm street.leavin blood

stains from ur head ur feet.bt no 1 will care cos ur sum kinda freak.

the outlook is bleak if u want compete.beep beep beeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeep.

ur heart,will stop,and ur body will flop,thn the clock will

drop wen i give u a knock.cmon bro wats the matta dawg?is it tht u loook

like a bullfrog,stop spitin lyrics and make the move singin songs.

ur fuked in the head son,u gt it all rong.

now shut it b4 i rink ur neck like a doorbell.ding dong.

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An Operating Definition of Organizational Behavior

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An Operating Definition of Organizational Behavior

Kenneth Buckner

ORG 50, Organizational Behavior




Mr. Wynne

November , 00



An Operating Definition of Organizational Behavior

While we are not supposed to quote the Funk and Wagnalls definition of “organizational behavior,” being new to the subject, I had to at least look it up to see what it was supposed to mean. To my surprise, I could not find an official definition, neither online nor in any of the dictionaries in my office. Being an expert on the internet, I logged in to the Google search engine, which produced 41,000 websites with the phrase “organizational behavior.” Most were organizations, or books, or papers from doctors this and scientists that and websites extolling the many insights and ramifications of their versions of “OB.” Take note at the use of the word “versions” of OB. There’s more than one, and if this starts to sound a bit rambling, even confusing, join the club. Website after website listed their answers to numerous specialized problems. Everyone had a unique insight into something, but it became very apparent that there are no hard and fast rules in the study of Organizational Behaviors. At most, it appears to be an inaccurate science based on understanding, controlling and manipulating situations involving human beings, using their needs and wants within a company, to achieve the goals assigned by management. Officially, the text states that

Organizational behavior (often abbreviated as OB) is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organization’s effectiveness. (p.17)

The textbook also offered a generalized explanation of the subject, but it too listed various points of view. The reader is asked to accept the premise that an organization has a personality, and a “pattern of behavior,” influenced by both management and employees, with various stimuli affecting the results. Sometimes they work together and sometimes the employees are going in one direction while the management is heading for the Cayman Islands (see Enron). This divergence seemed to add credence to a quote from Harold R. McAlindon, which states that “the quality of an organization can never exceed the quality of the minds that make it up.”

The book stresses that the managers’ responsibility is to achieve a certain goal but in most companies they are not the ones doing the work, and using various methods, they inspire the employees to achieve these goals. After reading the first section from our textbook, I finally started to get a sense of the focus of the course, if not a concrete definition of organizational behavior. Appendix A went over the historical growth of OB, with its various theories, different eras and contributing luminaries. Appendix B was a list of the syntax and terminology of OB. In the main part of the chapter I read descriptions of managers and their responsibilities, with lists for “Effective vs. Successful” activities, charts and several different approaches to explaining why “systematic study” replaces “intuition.” The chapter repeated, however, that while organizational behaviors may be somewhat predictable, they are not absolute.

There are few, if any, simple and universal principles that explain organizational behavior. There are laws in the physical sciences�chemistry, astronomy, physics�that are consistent and apply in a wide range of situations. They allow scientists to generalize about the pull of gravity or to confidently send astronauts into space to repair satellites. But as one noted behavioral researcher aptly concluded, “God gave all the easy problems to the physicists.” Human beings are complex. Because they are not alike, our ability to make simple, accurate, and sweeping generalizations is limited. Two people often act very differently in the same situation, and the same person’s behavior changes in different situations. For instance, not everyone is motivated by money, and you behave differently at church on Sunday than you did at the beer party the night before. That doesn’t mean, of course, that we can’t offer reasonably accurate explanations of human behavior or make valid predictions. It does mean, however, that OB concepts must reflect situational, or contingency, conditions. We can say that x leads to y, but only under conditions specified in z (the contingency variables). (p.14)

This one paragraph put the whole thing in a nutshell. It proved my earlier hypothesis that OB is only a guide, not a science; something to be used for reasonably good guesses as to what any individual, group, team or company would do in a situation given certain conditions. I couldn’t have said it better.

“Organizational Behavior” is something X that leads to something Y when certain conditions Z exist. Remember, you heard it here.



References

McAlindon. H. R., Cole’s Quotables, downloaded from http//www.quotationspage.com

Robbins, S. (001). Organizational Behavior, Ninth Edition, New Jersey Prentice-Hall



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College Essay about camp

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We all dream of our future careers when we’re young. We go around the classroom asking, “What do you want to be when you grow up?” and everyone has an answer. Some people go through life always sure of what they want to do with it. As we grow older, we change. Some of us eventually become exactly what we told the teacher we wanted to become, but not everyone. Others only have a general idea, and some may even be completely confused as to where they want to go. I always thought I knew what I wanted, but now I am not so sure. I know that I’m eventually going to figure it out, and a college education is going to get me there.

It always starts somewhere. I was nominated to be a part of the National Young Leaders Conference by my Government teacher, Dr. Frank Cody. At first, I wasn’t too thrilled about the nomination. I’ve always been a shy person, and I just couldn’t picture myself in Washington D.C. with hundreds of people I didn’t know. I imagined that I would practically hide in a corner the entire time, and absolutely hate every moment of it. I was wrong.

My parents somehow managed to make me agree to accept the nomination and go to the conference. It took a lot of convincing, but now I’m really glad they did, and that I eventually listened. At first, during the trip and for the first hour or so, I was as nervous as could be, and thought that my fears had been confirmed. This changed within a few minutes. I met the first of my two roommates, and the other girl arrived shortly afterwards. I spent a lot of time with them, I had to. We shared a room. If my week had begun any other way, I’m not sure how it would have been. Becoming friends so quickly with the two people I had to share a small room, bathroom, and closet space with definitely got the week off to a very good start.

I was given the chance to meet people from all over the country. I made friends from all corners of the United States, even Alaska. I’m still in contact with many of them even now, and I hope we remain in contact for the rest of our lives. You don’t forget friends like that. Sharing experiences in the heart of this country, right at the very doorstep of events not only our generation, but anyone living at the time will remember. Not many people can say, “I was in the gallery the day the Senate was debating the Iraq resolution” or “I remember when some children ran past our window and we were scared because of the whole sniper case.”




In just six days, I learned more about myself than I ever believed possible. My experiences at the National Young Leaders Conference taught me that I can be a much more assertive person, and that I can work to overcome obstacles and achieve goals. The one thing I regret, though, is not realizing it sooner. I wish that I had discovered this earlier, and had participated more, and shown everyone just what I am capable of doing. I’m not just some unknown girl from Kalamazoo, Michigan. I have potential, and I intend to use it. I believe a college education will allow me to fulfill my dream of showing the world what I’m really made of.



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VOLUNTEERING

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on VOLUNTEERING. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality VOLUNTEERING paper right on time.

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Volunteering has changed my life forever. I have often heard people talk about the benefits of volunteering, of it being a way to reach out and touch the lives of others in a positive way. But I didn’t fully understand the impact of that claim until I started to volunteer myself. I started volunteering in my last year of high school so that I would have something to add to my university applications. At first, I would just be a helping hand in local community events, such as bake sales and food drives. But then, I was asked to help organize an after-school program for children. This changed my life forever. Everyday after school, children from the local community would arrive at the mosque where volunteers like myself would plan activities for them until they were ready to be picked up by their parents. For the most part these children came from low-income families, whose parents could not afford expensive day care facilities. We would help the children with their homework, take them to the park, and organize various games for them. The kids responded well to the program, and slowly I started to develop a bond with them. The more I worked with them, the more I realized how much I loved them. Many of these kids did not have the luxury of taking swimming, soccer or karate lessons like other children their age; and because I knew that myself and another volunteer were fully accredited lifeguards, while two other volunteers played on their university soccer teams, I initiated a plan. I would teach the kids how to swim, while the others would help them form a mini soccer league.

But little did I know that while I was teaching these kids how to swim, they would also be teaching me things. Every time a child was scared to get into the water, they taught me patience. Every time, a child got scared and held on to me, it taught me that they depended on me, that I was important in their life, and every time they accomplished a task with success it gave me a sense of accomplishment. But most importantly, they taught me to give.

Volunteering my time to teach swimming lessons was the best thing I have ever done in my life. It taught me that money will never be my motivation for working, that motivation for me will only come when I know I can make a difference in another person’s life.








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